A current transformer (CT) is a transformer which measures the current of another circuit. It is coupled to an ammeter (A in the diagram) in its own circuit to perform this measurement. Measuring high-voltage current directly would require insertion of measuring instrumentation into the measured circuit--an unnecessary difficulty which would draw down the very current meant to be measured. Also, the heat generated in the measuring equipment from the high current could give false readings. Measuring current indirectly with a CT is much more practical.
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